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Research & Development: Chimney Design

Boiling Point
Front cover of Boiling Point issue 31
Issue 31 (1993) Clays for Stoves
ArticleResearch & Development: Chimney Design
AuthorPeter Young


Update of an article by M Crowther in BP 28 page 3 "Chimneys and Hoods for Smoke Removal". Since publication of Crowther's article about the design of hoods and chimneys and his theoretical analysis, Peter Young of ITDG has used the mathematical model to produce a chart for the design of chimneys.

For a hood with a chimney to work without spilling smoke into the room it must not be too short or too small in diameter and there must be sufficient heat released from the fire to produce an effective draught. The design calculations are complex and to assist in this process a computer model has been developed by M E Crowther, Coal Research Establishment.

With the aid of this model a chart has been constructed to show the hood face area required to remove the smoke from an open fireplace given varying heat outputs and with different chimney heights.

Ed Note: For effective hood and chimney design M E Crowther recommends that the minimum draught should not be less than 0.5mm of Water Gauge. Chimney draughts less than 05mmWG are likely to be affected by a gentle breeze and smoke will spill into the room.

[top] [end]Conclusions on Design

The bold shaded parts on table 1 represent a reasonably safe working area, ie the chimney is likely to work in a gentle breeze. The italic area represents a very marginal performance and is not advisable. The general principle to bear in mind is: the taller the chimney and the more heat that is released the better the chimney will function. For the conditions specified, chimneys below 4m and with less than 3kW of heat released will not be reliable.

Table 1 Specific Conditions Chimney Dia: 200mm, Velocity of air across the face: 0.2m/sec, Ambient Air Tamp: 28°C

Table 1- Hood Face Areas in Square Metres
Sensible Heat Chimney Heights 2.5m Chimney Heights 3.0m Chimney Heights 3.5m Chimney Heights 4.0m Chimney Heights 4.5m Chimney Heights 5.0m
2.0kW Face area(sqm) 0.269 0.278 0.288 0.299 0.310 0.310
Draught mm/wg 0.263 0.306 0.345 0.382 0.415 0.460
2.5kW Face area (sqm) 0.288 0.296 0.306 0.315 0.325 0.336
Draught mm/wg 0.302 0.353 0.405 0.445 0.487 0.525
3.0kW Face area (sqm) 0.302 0.318 0.327 0.336 0.346 0.356
Draught mm/wg 0.340 0.390 0.444 0.495 0.543 0.588
3.0kW Face area (sqm) 0.313 0.328 0.344 0.353 0.362 0.371
Draught mm/kg 0.377 0.435 0.486 0.544 0.589 0.649
4.0kW Face area (sqm) 0.329 0.343 0.348 0.366 0.375 0.384
Draught mm/wg 0.406 0.470 0.591 0.591 0.652 0.709

[top] [end]Contents: Boiling Point 31: Clays for Stoves

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Effects of the Clay-Non Clay Ratio on Stove Behaviour - Clay-Non Clay Test Procedure - Clay Testing - 5 Country Reports - Clay Preparation Techniques - The Sudanese Muddy Stove - Cement Stoves from India - The Chencottai Chulah - Zambian Double Wall Clay Stove - Kenya Downdraught Kiln for Stove Liners - The KCJ - from Artisan to Factory - Working with Village Women in NWFP Pakistan - Smoked Maasai - Kachel Ovens - Metal Stoves for Developing Countries - Chimney Design



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Page created: 29 August 2007; Last edited: 30 August 2007; Version: 0
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Pagename: ChimneyDesign @HEDON: PDHA