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National programme on improved cookstoves in India by R P Upadhyay

Boiling Point
Front cover of Boiling Point issue 11
Issue 11 (1986) Successful Stove Dissemination
ArticleNational programme on improved cookstoves in India
AuthorR P Upadhyay?
Report by R.P. Upadhyay, Principal Scientific Officer (This updates the report contained in "The Way of the Improved Chulha")

The national programme on improved cookstoves (chulhas) was launched by the Department of Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Government of India in December, 1983, with a view to reducing deforestation and meeting the cooking energy crisis, particularly in rural areas. The project is designed as a programme for women to mitigate their drudgery and health hazards and also save fuel in the bargain. The programme is fully funded by the Government of India.

As the beneficiaries are mostly unorganised and scattered around the country, special care has been taken to develop various models of the improved Cookstoves taking into consideration the social, economic, cultural and traditional preferences of the local people. Thus we have over 40 models of domestic improved cookstoves for propagation including both metal (portable) and mud, clay and brick (fixed) cookstoves. Thermal efficiency of all these models of cookstoves is over 20%. Since the inception of the programme over two million fuel efficient cookstoves have been installed in the country.

The improved chulhas programme provides for:

i) Substantial subsidy to beneficiaries. The following pattern of subsidy has been approved.

SC/ST Hilly areas Other Areas Contribution by beneficiary
Fixed Model of cookstoves Full cost of material (chimney, grates) Full cost of material(chimney, grates) Labour, mud straw and the time needed to instal the chulha
Portable Models of cookstoves 75% of the approved cost of a model cost 50% of the approved of a model 25% of 50% of cost as may be required.

ii) Core and organisational support to the implementing agencies/Nodal Departments, Women's organisation, Voluntary agencies.

iii) Organization of training, demonstration and extension programme at different levels for functionaries.

iv) Organisation of Technical Back-up support.

v) Extending awareness and launching publicity programmes.

vi) Monitoring and review.

Community stoves for institutional requirements having thermal efficiencies of over 30% have also been developed and propagated under the National Programme on Improved Chulha. Three models of community cookstoves approved by Department of Non-Governmental Energy Sources are:
  • Sahyog-200
  • Sahyog-50 I
  • Sahyog-50 L

These are all fixed types of cookstoves suitable for cooking food for 50 to 200 persons. A number of these community cookstoves have been installed and are in regular use in various institutions (Fig. l, 2, 3). I and L denote the shape of the model.

Fig. 1: Community Stove Sahyog--200, modified with round shape baffle
Fig. 1: Community Stove Sahyog--200, modified with round shape baffle


Fig. 2: Sahyog 50,1 Community Stove
Fig. 2: Sahyog 50,1 Community Stove


Fig. 3: Sahyog 50,L Community Stove
Fig. 3: Sahyog 50,L Community Stove


The Krishna Priya Cookstove is a completely cloasd apparatus, with a dome shaped inverted vessel on the top. The stove can be used only for boiling. Baking and frying are not possible on this model. Thermal efficiency of this stove is 25.6%.

[top] [end]Contents: Boiling Point 11: Successful Stove Programmes

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BP11: Production costs of Mai Sauki - BP11: Does it pay to make stoves? - BP11: National fuelwood programme of Sri Lanka - BP11: Stove Dissemination in Burkina Faso - BP11: Stove programme guidelines for CILSS - BP11: National stove programme in India - BP11: Chulha programme - Boon or disaster? - BP11: Marketing - The Four "P's" - BP11: A cartoon story - BP11: Energy and rural women's work - BP11: The Q.B Stove - Philippines - BP11: China



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Pagename: BP11:NationalStoveProgrammeInIndia @HEDON: PVNA